SDL_PixelFormat — Stores surface format information
| typedef | struct SDL_PixelFormat { | |||
| SDL_Palette | * |
palette; |
||
| Uint8 |
BitsPerPixel; |
|||
| Uint8 |
BytesPerPixel; |
|||
| Uint8 |
Rloss, |
|||
Gloss, |
||||
Bloss, |
||||
Aloss; |
||||
| Uint8 |
Rshift, |
|||
Gshift, |
||||
Bshift, |
||||
Ashift; |
||||
| Uint32 |
Rmask, |
|||
Gmask, |
||||
Bmask, |
||||
Amask; |
||||
| Uint32 |
colorkey; |
|||
| Uint8 |
alpha; |
|||
| } SDL_PixelFormat; | ||||
palettePointer to the palette, or NULL if the BitsPerPixel>8
BitsPerPixelThe number of bits used to represent each pixel in a surface. Usually 8, 16, 24 or 32.
BytesPerPixelThe number of bytes used to represent each pixel in a surface. Usually one to four.
[RGBA]maskBinary mask used to retrieve individual color values
[RGBA]lossPrecision loss of each color component (2^[RGBA]loss)
[RGBA]shiftBinary left shift of each color component in the pixel value
colorkeyPixel value of transparent pixels
alphaOverall surface alpha value
A SDL_PixelFormat
describes the format of the pixel data stored at the
pixels field of a SDL_Surface. Every surface stores a
SDL_PixelFormat in the
format field.
If you wish to do pixel level modifications on a surface, then understanding how SDL stores its color information is essential.
8-bit pixel formats are the easiest to understand. Since
its an 8-bit format, we have 8 BitsPerPixel and 1 BytesPerPixel. Since BytesPerPixel is 1, all pixels
are represented by a Uint8 which contains an index into
palette->colors. So, to determine the color of a
pixel in a 8-bit surface: we read the color index from
surface->pixels and we use that index to read the
SDL_Color structure from
surface->format->palette->colors. Like so:
SDL_Surface *surface;
SDL_PixelFormat *fmt;
SDL_Color *color;
Uint8 index;
.
.
/* Create surface */
.
.
fmt=surface->format;
/* Check the bitdepth of the surface */
if(fmt->BitsPerPixel!=8){
fprintf(stderr, "Not an 8-bit surface.
");
return(-1);
}
/* Lock the surface */
SDL_LockSurface(surface);
/* Get the topleft pixel */
index=*(Uint8 *)surface->pixels;
color=fmt->palette->colors[index];
/* Unlock the surface */
SDL_UnlockSurface(surface);
printf("Pixel Color-> Red: %d, Green: %d, Blue: %d. Index: %d
",
color->r, color->g, color->b, index);
.
.
Pixel formats above 8-bit are an entirely different experience. They are considered to be "TrueColor" formats and the color information is stored in the pixels themselves, not in a palette. The mask, shift and loss fields tell us how the color information is encoded. The mask fields allow us to isolate each color component, the shift fields tell us the number of bits to the right of each component in the pixel value and the loss fields tell us the number of bits lost from each component when packing 8-bit color component in a pixel.
/* Extracting color components from a 32-bit color value */
SDL_PixelFormat *fmt;
SDL_Surface *surface;
Uint32 temp, pixel;
Uint8 red, green, blue, alpha;
.
.
.
fmt=surface->format;
SDL_LockSurface(surface);
pixel=*((Uint32*)surface->pixels);
SDL_UnlockSurface(surface);
/* Get Red component */
temp=pixel&fmt->Rmask; /* Isolate red component */
temp=temp>>fmt->Rshift;/* Shift it down to 8-bit */
temp=temp<<fmt->Rloss; /* Expand to a full 8-bit number */
red=(Uint8)temp;
/* Get Green component */
temp=pixel&fmt->Gmask; /* Isolate green component */
temp=temp>>fmt->Gshift;/* Shift it down to 8-bit */
temp=temp<<fmt->Gloss; /* Expand to a full 8-bit number */
green=(Uint8)temp;
/* Get Blue component */
temp=pixel&fmt->Bmask; /* Isolate blue component */
temp=temp>>fmt->Bshift;/* Shift it down to 8-bit */
temp=temp<<fmt->Bloss; /* Expand to a full 8-bit number */
blue=(Uint8)temp;
/* Get Alpha component */
temp=pixel&fmt->Amask; /* Isolate alpha component */
temp=temp>>fmt->Ashift;/* Shift it down to 8-bit */
temp=temp<<fmt->Aloss; /* Expand to a full 8-bit number */
alpha=(Uint8)temp;
printf("Pixel Color -> R: %d, G: %d, B: %d, A: %d
", red, green, blue, alpha);
.
.
.